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软件SPI可以驱动屏幕

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Wanderingss
2026-07-14 14:44:07 +08:00
parent 3577003fb6
commit 0a5c478a42
53 changed files with 9354 additions and 87 deletions
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STM32F103C8T6/Drivers/BSP/LCD/st7735s.c Normal file
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/*
* 模块名称：ST7735S LCD驱动
* 模块功能：提供128x160 RGB TFT屏幕的初始化、画点、画线、填充、显示字符串等功能
* 适用平台：STM32F103C8T6 + SPI2
* 作者：王建锋
* 创建日期：2026-07-13
* 修改记录：
* 2026-07-13 王建锋 创建初始版本
*/
#include "st7735s.h"
#include "lcd_data.h"
#include "spi.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
static uint16_t s_lcd_width = LCD_WIDTH;
static uint16_t s_lcd_height = LCD_HEIGHT;
extern DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_spi2_tx;
/* 8x16 ASCII字体（ASCII 32-126），每字符16字节 - 定义在 lcd_data.c 中 */
/*
* 函数功能：软件SPI写一个字节
* 入口参数：data - 要发送的数据
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：模拟SPI时序发送一个字节，MSB先
*/
static void st7735s_spi_write_byte(uint8_t data)
{
uint8_t i;
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_SCL_PORT, LCD_SCL_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
if (data & 0x80) {
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_SDA_PORT, LCD_SDA_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
} else {
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_SDA_PORT, LCD_SDA_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
}
__NOP();
__NOP();
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_SCL_PORT, LCD_SCL_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
__NOP();
__NOP();
data <<= 1;
}
}
/*
* 函数功能：写入命令
* 入口参数：cmd - 命令字节
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：拉低DC，选择芯片，发送命令，释放芯片
*/
static void st7735s_write_cmd(uint8_t cmd)
{
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_CS_PORT, LCD_CS_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_DC_PORT, LCD_DC_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
st7735s_spi_write_byte(cmd);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_CS_PORT, LCD_CS_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
}
/*
* 函数功能：写入数据
* 入口参数：data - 数据字节
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：拉高DC，选择芯片，发送数据，释放芯片
*/
static void st7735s_write_data(uint8_t data)
{
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_CS_PORT, LCD_CS_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_DC_PORT, LCD_DC_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
st7735s_spi_write_byte(data);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_CS_PORT, LCD_CS_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
}
/*
* 函数功能：写入多字节数据（CS保持低）
* 入口参数：p_data - 数据缓冲区指针
* len - 字节数
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：用于连续写入多个数据字节，省去中间CS跳变
*/
static void st7735s_write_data_multi(const uint8_t *p_data, uint16_t len)
{
uint16_t i;
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_CS_PORT, LCD_CS_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_DC_PORT, LCD_DC_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
st7735s_spi_write_byte(p_data[i]);
}
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_CS_PORT, LCD_CS_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
}
/*
* 函数功能：写入16位颜色数据
* 入口参数：p_color - 16位颜色缓冲区指针
* len - 像素个数
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：MSB先发送RGB565数据
*/
static void st7735s_write_colors(uint16_t *p_color, uint16_t len)
{
uint16_t i;
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_CS_PORT, LCD_CS_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_DC_PORT, LCD_DC_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
st7735s_spi_write_byte((uint8_t)(p_color[i] >> 8));
st7735s_spi_write_byte((uint8_t)(p_color[i] & 0xFF));
}
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_CS_PORT, LCD_CS_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
}
/*
* 函数功能：LCD初始化
* 入口参数：无
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：执行ST7735S标准初始化序列
*/
void st7735s_init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
printf("LCD init start (soft SPI)...\r\n");
/* 将SCL和SDA引脚切换为GPIO输出（软件SPI） */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = LCD_SCL_PIN | LCD_SDA_PIN;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_SCL_PORT, LCD_SCL_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_SDA_PORT, LCD_SDA_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
/* 确保CS和RST初始为高，避免LCD在初始化期间被错误选中 */
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_CS_PORT, LCD_CS_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_RST_PORT, LCD_RST_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_DC_PORT, LCD_DC_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_Delay(10);
printf("IO: RST=%d DC=%d CS=%d\r\n",
(int)HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(LCD_RST_PORT, LCD_RST_PIN),
(int)HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(LCD_DC_PORT, LCD_DC_PIN),
(int)HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(LCD_CS_PORT, LCD_CS_PIN));
/* 硬件复位 */
printf("HW reset...\r\n");
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_RST_PORT, LCD_RST_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_Delay(10);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_RST_PORT, LCD_RST_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
HAL_Delay(120);
/* 软件复位 */
printf("SW reset...\r\n");
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_SWRESET);
HAL_Delay(150);
/* 退出睡眠模式 */
printf("Sleep out...\r\n");
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_SLPOUT);
HAL_Delay(500);
/* 帧率控制 */
printf("Frame rate...\r\n");
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_FRMCTR1);
st7735s_write_data(0x01);
st7735s_write_data(0x2C);
st7735s_write_data(0x2D);
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_FRMCTR2);
st7735s_write_data(0x01);
st7735s_write_data(0x2C);
st7735s_write_data(0x2D);
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_FRMCTR3);
st7735s_write_data(0x01);
st7735s_write_data(0x2C);
st7735s_write_data(0x2D);
st7735s_write_data(0x01);
st7735s_write_data(0x2C);
st7735s_write_data(0x2D);
/* 显示反转控制 */
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_INVCTR);
st7735s_write_data(0x07);
/* 功率控制 */
printf("Power ctrl...\r\n");
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_PWCTR1);
st7735s_write_data(0xA2);
st7735s_write_data(0x02);
st7735s_write_data(0x84);
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_PWCTR2);
st7735s_write_data(0xC5);
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_PWCTR3);
st7735s_write_data(0x0A);
st7735s_write_data(0x00);
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_PWCTR4);
st7735s_write_data(0x8A);
st7735s_write_data(0x2A);
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_PWCTR5);
st7735s_write_data(0x8A);
st7735s_write_data(0xEE);
/* VCOM控制 */
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_VMCTR1);
st7735s_write_data(0x0E);
/* 竖屏模式 */
printf("MADCTL...\r\n");
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_MADCTL);
st7735s_write_data(0xC8);
/* 像素格式: 16位RGB565 */
printf("COLMOD...\r\n");
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_COLMOD);
st7735s_write_data(0x05);
/* Gamma校正 */
printf("Gamma...\r\n");
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_GMCTRP1);
st7735s_write_data(0x02);
st7735s_write_data(0x1C);
st7735s_write_data(0x07);
st7735s_write_data(0x12);
st7735s_write_data(0x37);
st7735s_write_data(0x32);
st7735s_write_data(0x29);
st7735s_write_data(0x2D);
st7735s_write_data(0x29);
st7735s_write_data(0x25);
st7735s_write_data(0x2B);
st7735s_write_data(0x39);
st7735s_write_data(0x00);
st7735s_write_data(0x01);
st7735s_write_data(0x03);
st7735s_write_data(0x10);
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_GMCTRN1);
st7735s_write_data(0x03);
st7735s_write_data(0x1D);
st7735s_write_data(0x07);
st7735s_write_data(0x06);
st7735s_write_data(0x2E);
st7735s_write_data(0x2C);
st7735s_write_data(0x29);
st7735s_write_data(0x2D);
st7735s_write_data(0x2E);
st7735s_write_data(0x2E);
st7735s_write_data(0x37);
st7735s_write_data(0x3F);
st7735s_write_data(0x00);
st7735s_write_data(0x00);
st7735s_write_data(0x02);
st7735s_write_data(0x10);
/* 关闭反转 */
st7735s_write_cmd(0x20);
/* 进入正常显示模式（关键！） */
printf("NORON...\r\n");
st7735s_write_cmd(0x13);
HAL_Delay(10);
/* 开启显示 */
printf("DISPON...\r\n");
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_DISPON);
HAL_Delay(100);
printf("LCD init done\r\n");
}
/*
* 函数功能：设置显示窗口
* 入口参数：x1 - 起始列
* y1 - 起始行
* x2 - 结束列
* y2 - 结束行
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：设置后续写入操作的窗口区域
*/
void st7735s_set_window(uint16_t x1, uint16_t y1, uint16_t x2, uint16_t y2)
{
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_CASET);
st7735s_write_data(0x00);
st7735s_write_data((uint8_t)x1);
st7735s_write_data(0x00);
st7735s_write_data((uint8_t)x2);
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_RASET);
st7735s_write_data(0x00);
st7735s_write_data((uint8_t)y1);
st7735s_write_data(0x00);
st7735s_write_data((uint8_t)y2);
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_RAMWR);
}
/*
* 函数功能：填充矩形区域
* 入口参数：x1 - 起始列
* y1 - 起始行
* x2 - 结束列
* y2 - 结束行
* color - 填充颜色 (RGB565)
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：用指定颜色填充矩形区域
*/
void st7735s_fill_rect(uint16_t x1, uint16_t y1, uint16_t x2, uint16_t y2, uint16_t color)
{
uint32_t pixel_count;
uint16_t i;
uint16_t buf[64];
if (x1 > x2) {
uint16_t t = x1;
x1 = x2;
x2 = t;
}
if (y1 > y2) {
uint16_t t = y1;
y1 = y2;
y2 = t;
}
pixel_count = (uint32_t)(x2 - x1 + 1) * (y2 - y1 + 1);
/* 预填充颜色缓冲区 */
for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
buf[i] = color;
}
st7735s_set_window(x1, y1, x2, y2);
/* 分块发送 */
while (pixel_count >= 64) {
st7735s_write_colors(buf, 64);
pixel_count -= 64;
}
if (pixel_count > 0) {
st7735s_write_colors(buf, (uint16_t)pixel_count);
}
}
/*
* 函数功能：全屏填充
* 入口参数：color - 填充颜色 (RGB565)
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：用指定颜色填充整个屏幕
*/
void st7735s_fill_screen(uint16_t color)
{
printf("fill_screen 0x%04X\r\n", color);
st7735s_fill_rect(0, 0, s_lcd_width - 1, s_lcd_height - 1, color);
}
/*
* 函数功能：画点
* 入口参数：x - 列坐标
* y - 行坐标
* color - 颜色 (RGB565)
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：在指定位置画一个点
*/
void st7735s_draw_pixel(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, uint16_t color)
{
if (x >= s_lcd_width || y >= s_lcd_height) {
return;
}
st7735s_set_window(x, y, x, y);
st7735s_write_data((uint8_t)(color >> 8));
st7735s_write_data((uint8_t)color);
}
/*
* 函数功能：画线
* 入口参数：x1 - 起始列
* y1 - 起始行
* x2 - 结束列
* y2 - 结束行
* color - 颜色 (RGB565)
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：画一条直线（Bresenham算法）
*/
void st7735s_draw_line(uint16_t x1, uint16_t y1, uint16_t x2, uint16_t y2, uint16_t color)
{
int16_t dx;
int16_t dy;
int16_t sx;
int16_t sy;
int16_t err;
int16_t e2;
uint16_t x;
uint16_t y;
if (x1 == x2) {
/* 垂直线 */
if (y1 > y2) {
y = y1;
y1 = y2;
y2 = y;
}
st7735s_fill_rect(x1, y1, x1, y2, color);
return;
}
if (y1 == y2) {
/* 水平线 */
if (x1 > x2) {
x = x1;
x1 = x2;
x2 = x;
}
st7735s_fill_rect(x1, y1, x2, y1, color);
return;
}
dx = (int16_t)x2 - (int16_t)x1;
if (dx < 0) {
dx = -dx;
}
sx = x1 < x2 ? 1 : -1;
dy = (int16_t)y2 - (int16_t)y1;
if (dy < 0) {
dy = -dy;
}
sy = y1 < y2 ? 1 : -1;
err = (dx > dy ? dx : -dy) / 2;
x = x1;
y = y1;
while (1) {
st7735s_draw_pixel(x, y, color);
if (x == x2 && y == y2) {
break;
}
e2 = err;
if (e2 > -dx) {
err -= dy;
x += sx;
}
if (e2 < dy) {
err += dx;
y += sy;
}
}
}
/*
* 函数功能：画矩形
* 入口参数：x - 左上角列
* y - 左上角行
* width - 宽度
* height - 高度
* color - 颜色 (RGB565)
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：画一个空心矩形
*/
void st7735s_draw_rect(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, uint16_t color)
{
st7735s_draw_line(x, y, x + width - 1, y, color);
st7735s_draw_line(x, y + height - 1, x + width - 1, y + height - 1, color);
st7735s_draw_line(x, y, x, y + height - 1, color);
st7735s_draw_line(x + width - 1, y, x + width - 1, y + height - 1, color);
}
/*
* 函数功能：画圆
* 入口参数：x0 - 圆心列
* y0 - 圆心行
* radius - 半径
* color - 颜色 (RGB565)
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：画一个空心圆（Bresenham算法）
*/
void st7735s_draw_circle(uint16_t x0, uint16_t y0, uint16_t radius, uint16_t color)
{
int16_t f = 1 - radius;
int16_t ddf_x = 1;
int16_t ddf_y = -2 * radius;
int16_t x = 0;
int16_t y = radius;
st7735s_draw_pixel(x0, y0 + radius, color);
st7735s_draw_pixel(x0, y0 - radius, color);
st7735s_draw_pixel(x0 + radius, y0, color);
st7735s_draw_pixel(x0 - radius, y0, color);
while (x < y) {
if (f >= 0) {
y--;
ddf_y += 2;
f += ddf_y;
}
x++;
ddf_x += 2;
f += ddf_x;
st7735s_draw_pixel(x0 + x, y0 + y, color);
st7735s_draw_pixel(x0 - x, y0 + y, color);
st7735s_draw_pixel(x0 + x, y0 - y, color);
st7735s_draw_pixel(x0 - x, y0 - y, color);
st7735s_draw_pixel(x0 + y, y0 + x, color);
st7735s_draw_pixel(x0 - y, y0 + x, color);
st7735s_draw_pixel(x0 + y, y0 - x, color);
st7735s_draw_pixel(x0 - y, y0 - x, color);
}
}
/*
* 函数功能：显示字符
* 入口参数：x - 列坐标
* y - 行坐标
* ch - 字符 (ASCII 32-126)
* color - 字符颜色 (RGB565)
* bg_color - 背景颜色 (RGB565)
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：在指定位置显示一个8x16 ASCII字符
*/
void st7735s_draw_char(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, char ch, uint16_t color, uint16_t bg_color)
{
uint16_t i;
uint16_t j;
uint8_t line;
if (ch < 32 || ch > 126) {
ch = ' ';
}
for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
line = LCD_F8x16[ch - 32][i];
for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
if (line & 0x80) {
st7735s_draw_pixel(x + j, y + i, color);
} else {
st7735s_draw_pixel(x + j, y + i, bg_color);
}
line <<= 1;
}
}
}
/*
* 函数功能：显示字符串
* 入口参数：x - 列坐标
* y - 行坐标
* str - 字符串指针
* color - 字符颜色 (RGB565)
* bg_color - 背景颜色 (RGB565)
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：在指定位置显示字符串
*/
void st7735s_draw_string(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, const char *str, uint16_t color, uint16_t bg_color)
{
while (*str) {
if (x + 8 > s_lcd_width) {
x = 0;
y += 16;
}
if (y + 16 > s_lcd_height) {
break;
}
st7735s_draw_char(x, y, *str, color, bg_color);
x += FONT_WIDTH_8;
str++;
}
}
/*
* 函数功能：设置屏幕方向
* 入口参数：rotation - 方向 (0-3)
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：0:竖屏 1:横屏 2:竖屏反转 3:横屏反转
*/
void st7735s_set_rotation(uint8_t rotation)
{
st7735s_write_cmd(LCD_CMD_MADCTL);
switch (rotation) {
case 0:
st7735s_write_data(0xC8);
s_lcd_width = 128;
s_lcd_height = 160;
break;
case 1:
st7735s_write_data(0x78);
s_lcd_width = 160;
s_lcd_height = 128;
break;
case 2:
st7735s_write_data(0x08);
s_lcd_width = 128;
s_lcd_height = 160;
break;
case 3:
st7735s_write_data(0xA8);
s_lcd_width = 160;
s_lcd_height = 128;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
/*
* 函数功能：设置背光
* 入口参数：state - 1:开 0:关
* 返回值：无
* 函数说明：控制LCD背光（如有硬件背光控制）
*/
void st7735s_backlight(uint8_t state)
{
(void)state;
/* 当前硬件未连接背光控制引脚，预留接口 */
}