370 lines
13 KiB
Python
370 lines
13 KiB
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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"""
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STM32 ST7735S LCD CJK 字模生成工具（Pillow 版）
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生成 hz16_data.c + hz16_data.h（含二分查找函数）
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用法:
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# CJK 常用汉字（GB2312 一级，约 3755 字）
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python font_gen.py --cjk --font simsun --size 32 --threshold 64
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# CJK + 标点
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python font_gen.py --cjk --punct
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"""
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import os
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import sys
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import argparse
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try:
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from PIL import Image, ImageFont, ImageDraw
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except ImportError:
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print("请安装 Pillow: pip install Pillow", file=sys.stderr)
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sys.exit(1)
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# ── Otsu 自适应阈值 ──
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def otsu_threshold(pixels: list) -> int:
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"""Otsu 算法自动计算最佳二值化阈值"""
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hist = [0] * 256
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for v in pixels:
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hist[v] += 1
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total = len(pixels)
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sum_all = sum(i * hist[i] for i in range(256))
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sum_bg = 0
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w_bg = 0
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w_fg = 0
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max_var = 0
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best = 128
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for t in range(256):
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w_bg += hist[t]
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if w_bg == 0:
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continue
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w_fg = total - w_bg
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if w_fg == 0:
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break
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sum_bg += t * hist[t]
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mean_bg = sum_bg / w_bg
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mean_fg = (sum_all - sum_bg) / w_fg
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between_var = w_bg * w_fg * (mean_bg - mean_fg) * (mean_bg - mean_fg)
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if between_var > max_var:
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max_var = between_var
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best = t
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return best
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# ── 通用渲染 ──
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def render_char(font, char: str, w: int, h: int, scale: int = 1,
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threshold: int = None) -> list:
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"""
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在 w*scale × h*scale 画布上渲染字符，缩放到 w×h
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threshold=None 时自动使用 Otsu 算法
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返回逐行字节列表（MSB 优先）
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"""
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bw, bh = w * scale, h * scale
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img = Image.new("L", (bw, bh), 0)
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draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
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bbox = draw.textbbox((0, 0), char, font=font)
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tw = bbox[2] - bbox[0]
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th = bbox[3] - bbox[1]
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# 防止 bbox[0]/bbox[1] 为负导致偏移错误
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left = bbox[0] if bbox[0] > 0 else 0
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top = bbox[1] if bbox[1] > 0 else 0
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cx = (bw - tw) // 2 - left
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cy = (bh - th) // 2 - top
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draw.text((cx, cy), char, font=font, fill=255)
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small = img.resize((w, h), Image.LANCZOS)
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pixels = list(small.getdata())
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if threshold is None:
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threshold = otsu_threshold(pixels)
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bytes_per_row = (w + 7) // 8
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result = []
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for r in range(h):
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for br in range(bytes_per_row):
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byte_val = 0
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for c in range(8):
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col = br * 8 + c
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if col < w and pixels[r * w + col] >= threshold:
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byte_val |= (1 << (7 - c))
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result.append(byte_val)
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return result
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# ── CJK 16×16 ──
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CJK_W, CJK_H = 16, 16
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CJK_BYTES = CJK_H * ((CJK_W + 7) // 8) # 32
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def get_gb2312_level1_unicodes():
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"""GB2312 一级汉字（常用 ~3755 字）的 Unicode 码点"""
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out = []
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for u in range(0x4E00, 0x9FA6):
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try:
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b = chr(u).encode("gb2312")
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if len(b) == 2:
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qu = b[0] - 0xA1
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if 16 <= qu <= 55:
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out.append(u)
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except (UnicodeEncodeError, LookupError):
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pass
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return out
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def get_gb2312_all_unicodes():
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"""GB2312 全部汉字（一级+二级 ~6763 字）"""
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out = []
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for u in range(0x4E00, 0x9FA6):
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try:
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b = chr(u).encode("gb2312")
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if len(b) == 2:
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out.append(u)
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except (UnicodeEncodeError, LookupError):
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pass
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return out
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CJK_PUNCTUATION = [
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0x00B7, 0x2014, 0x2018, 0x2019, 0x201C, 0x201D, 0x2026,
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0x3000, 0x3001, 0x3002, 0x300A, 0x300B, 0x300C, 0x300D,
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0x300E, 0x300F, 0x3010, 0x3011, 0x3014, 0x3015,
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0xFF01, 0xFF02, 0xFF07, 0xFF08, 0xFF09, 0xFF0C, 0xFF0E,
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0xFF1A, 0xFF1B, 0xFF1F, 0xFF3B, 0xFF3D, 0xFF5B, 0xFF5D,
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]
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CJK_FULLWIDTH_ASCII = list(range(0xFF01, 0xFF5F)) # 全角 ASCII
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def generate_cjk(base_path: str, font_path: str, size: int,
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threshold: int, scale: int = 2,
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mode: str = 'common', punct: bool = False):
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"""生成 CJK 16×16 字库 .c + .h"""
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font = ImageFont.truetype(font_path, size)
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if mode == 'common':
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unicodes = get_gb2312_level1_unicodes()
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print(f"CJK 范围: GB2312 一级汉字 ({len(unicodes)} 字)")
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elif mode == 'gb2312':
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unicodes = get_gb2312_all_unicodes()
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print(f"CJK 范围: GB2312 全部汉字 ({len(unicodes)} 字)")
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else:
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unicodes = []
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print("CJK 范围: 无")
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if punct:
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extra = set(CJK_PUNCTUATION) | set(CJK_FULLWIDTH_ASCII)
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unicodes = sorted(set(unicodes) | extra)
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print(f"已加入 {len(extra)} 个中文标点/全角字符")
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if not unicodes:
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print("未指定 CJK 范围，使用默认字符")
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unicodes = [ord(c) for c in "你好世界一二三"]
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unicodes = sorted(set(unicodes))
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N = len(unicodes)
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# 渲染
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bitmaps = []
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for i, u in enumerate(unicodes):
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ch = chr(u)
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bm = render_char(font, ch, CJK_W, CJK_H, scale, threshold)
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bitmaps.append(bm)
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if (i + 1) % 500 == 0:
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print(f" CJK 进度: {i+1}/{N}")
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# ── 写 .c ──
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c_path = base_path + ".c"
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h_path = base_path + ".h"
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name_base = os.path.basename(base_path)
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guard = name_base.upper().replace(".", "_").replace("-", "_") + "_H"
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with open(c_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8', newline='\n') as f:
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f.write(f'/* 16×16 CJK 字库，由 font_gen.py 生成 */\n\n')
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f.write(f'#include "{name_base}.h"\n\n')
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f.write(f'static const uint8_t cjk_bitmaps[][{CJK_BYTES}] = {{\n')
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for u, bm in zip(unicodes, bitmaps):
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hex_str = ', '.join(f'0x{x:02X}' for x in bm)
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try:
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comment = f' /* U+{u:04X} {chr(u)} */'
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except:
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comment = f' /* U+{u:04X} */'
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f.write(f' {{ {hex_str} }},{comment}\n')
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f.write('};\n\n')
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f.write(f'static const uint16_t cjk_unicodes[{N}] = {{\n')
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for i in range(0, N, 16):
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chunk = unicodes[i:i+16]
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f.write(' ' + ', '.join(f'0x{u:04X}' for u in chunk) + ',\n')
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f.write('};\n\n')
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f.write(f'const uint8_t* cjk_get_bitmap(uint16_t unicode)\n')
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f.write('{\n')
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f.write(f' int lo = 0, hi = {N};\n')
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f.write(' while (lo < hi) {\n')
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f.write(' int mid = (lo + hi) >> 1;\n')
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f.write(' if (cjk_unicodes[mid] < unicode) lo = mid + 1;\n')
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f.write(' else if (cjk_unicodes[mid] > unicode) hi = mid;\n')
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f.write(' else return cjk_bitmaps[mid];\n')
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f.write(' }\n')
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f.write(' return (const uint8_t*)0;\n')
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f.write('}\n')
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print(f'已生成: {c_path}')
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# ── 写 .h ──
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with open(h_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8', newline='\n') as f:
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f.write(f'/* 16×16 CJK 字库，由 font_gen.py 生成 */\n\n')
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f.write(f'#ifndef {guard}\n#define {guard}\n\n')
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f.write(f'#include <stdint.h>\n\n')
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f.write(f'#define CJK_BYTES_PER_CHAR {CJK_BYTES}\n')
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f.write(f'#define CJK_WIDTH {CJK_W}\n')
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f.write(f'#define CJK_HEIGHT {CJK_H}\n')
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f.write(f'#define CJK_NUM_CHARS {N}\n\n')
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f.write(f'/* 按 Unicode 码点查找 16×16 点阵，返回 {CJK_BYTES} 字节，未找到返回 NULL */\n')
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f.write(f'const uint8_t* cjk_get_bitmap(uint16_t unicode);\n\n')
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f.write(f'#endif /* {guard} */\n')
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print(f'已生成: {h_path}')
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def generate_cjk_direct(base_path: str, font_path: str, size: int,
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threshold: int, scale: int,
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unicodes: list):
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"""用指定的 Unicode 列表生成 CJK 字库"""
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font = ImageFont.truetype(font_path, size)
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N = len(unicodes)
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print(f"CJK 自定义字符: {N} 字: {''.join(chr(u) for u in unicodes[:50])}{'...' if N > 50 else ''}")
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bitmaps = []
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for i, u in enumerate(unicodes):
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bm = render_char(font, chr(u), CJK_W, CJK_H, scale, threshold)
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bitmaps.append(bm)
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# ── 写 .c ──
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c_path = base_path + ".c"
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h_path = base_path + ".h"
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name_base = os.path.basename(base_path)
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guard = name_base.upper().replace(".", "_").replace("-", "_") + "_H"
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with open(c_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8', newline='\n') as f:
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f.write(f'/* 16×16 CJK 字库，由 font_gen.py 生成（自定义） */\n\n')
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f.write(f'#include "{name_base}.h"\n\n')
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f.write(f'static const uint8_t cjk_bitmaps[][{CJK_BYTES}] = {{\n')
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for u, bm in zip(unicodes, bitmaps):
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hex_str = ', '.join(f'0x{x:02X}' for x in bm)
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f.write(f' {{ {hex_str} }}, /* U+{u:04X} {chr(u)} */\n')
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f.write('};\n\n')
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f.write(f'static const uint16_t cjk_unicodes[{N}] = {{\n')
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for i in range(0, N, 16):
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chunk = unicodes[i:i+16]
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f.write(' ' + ', '.join(f'0x{u:04X}' for u in chunk) + ',\n')
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f.write('};\n\n')
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f.write(f'const uint8_t* cjk_get_bitmap(uint16_t unicode)\n')
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f.write('{\n')
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f.write(f' int lo = 0, hi = {N};\n')
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f.write(' while (lo < hi) {\n')
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f.write(' int mid = (lo + hi) >> 1;\n')
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f.write(' if (cjk_unicodes[mid] < unicode) lo = mid + 1;\n')
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f.write(' else if (cjk_unicodes[mid] > unicode) hi = mid;\n')
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f.write(' else return cjk_bitmaps[mid];\n')
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f.write(' }\n')
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f.write(' return (const uint8_t*)0;\n')
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f.write('}\n')
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print(f'已生成: {c_path}')
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# ── 写 .h ──
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with open(h_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8', newline='\n') as f:
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f.write(f'/* 16×16 CJK 字库，由 font_gen.py 生成（自定义） */\n\n')
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f.write(f'#ifndef {guard}\n#define {guard}\n\n')
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f.write(f'#include <stdint.h>\n\n')
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f.write(f'#define CJK_BYTES_PER_CHAR {CJK_BYTES}\n')
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f.write(f'#define CJK_WIDTH {CJK_W}\n')
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f.write(f'#define CJK_HEIGHT {CJK_H}\n')
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f.write(f'#define CJK_NUM_CHARS {N}\n\n')
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f.write(f'const uint8_t* cjk_get_bitmap(uint16_t unicode);\n\n')
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f.write(f'#endif /* {guard} */\n')
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print(f'已生成: {h_path}')
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# ── 主入口 ──
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def _resolve_font(name_or_path: str) -> str:
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if os.path.isfile(name_or_path):
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return name_or_path
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font_dir = r'C:\Windows\Fonts'
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key = name_or_path.lower()
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known = {
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'consolas': 'consola.ttf', 'arial': 'arial.ttf',
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'tahoma': 'tahoma.ttf', 'simsun': 'simsun.ttc',
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'songti': 'simsun.ttc', '宋体': 'simsun.ttc',
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'simhei': 'simhei.ttf', '黑体': 'simhei.ttf',
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'yahei': 'msyh.ttc', '微软雅黑': 'msyh.ttc',
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}
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if key in known:
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full = os.path.join(font_dir, known[key])
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if os.path.isfile(full):
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return full
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for f in os.listdir(font_dir):
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if f.lower().startswith(key) and f.lower().endswith(('.ttf', '.ttc')):
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return os.path.join(font_dir, f)
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# fallback
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fallback = os.path.join(font_dir, 'simsun.ttc')
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if os.path.isfile(fallback):
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return fallback
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return name_or_path
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def main():
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p = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='CJK 字模生成工具')
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p.add_argument('--font', default='simsun', help='字体名称或路径')
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p.add_argument('--size', type=int, default=None, help='渲染字号')
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p.add_argument('--threshold', type=int, default=None, help='二值化阈值（默认 Otsu 自适应）')
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p.add_argument('--scale', type=int, default=None, help='缩放倍率（越大边缘越平滑）')
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p.add_argument('--cjk', action='store_true', help='生成 CJK 汉字字模（必须指定）')
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p.add_argument('--common', action='store_true', help='CJK：仅常用汉字（GB2312 一级）')
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p.add_argument('--gb2312', action='store_true', help='CJK：GB2312 全部汉字')
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p.add_argument('--punct', action='store_true', help='CJK：加入中文标点/全角字符')
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p.add_argument('--string', type=str, default=None, help='CJK：仅生成指定字符串中的字符（节省空间）')
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p.add_argument('--output', '-o', default=None, help='CJK 输出基名（不含扩展名）')
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args = p.parse_args()
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font_path = _resolve_font(args.font)
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print(f"字体: {font_path}")
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if not args.cjk:
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print("请指定 --cjk 来生成 CJK 字库，ASCII 字库已不再由此工具生成")
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return
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proj_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(
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os.path.dirname(__file__),
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'..', 'STM32F103C8T6', 'Drivers', 'BSP', 'LCD'))
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size = args.size if args.size is not None else 48
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scale = args.scale if args.scale is not None else 3
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out_base = args.output or os.path.join(proj_dir, 'hz16_data')
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if args.string is not None:
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unicodes = sorted(set(ord(c) for c in args.string))
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generate_cjk_direct(out_base, font_path, size, args.threshold, scale, unicodes)
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else:
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generate_cjk(out_base, font_path, size, args.threshold, scale,
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mode='common' if args.common else ('gb2312' if args.gb2312 else 'common'),
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punct=args.punct)
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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main()
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