STM32F4-Base/App/protocol/iec104/iec104_link.c

/*
 * 模块名称：IEC 60870-5-104 链路层（实现）
 * 模块功能：实现 iec104_link.h——APCI 流重组与 U/S/I 编解码、STARTDT/STOPDT/
 *           TESTFR、k/w 窗与 t1/t2/t3（差值法，tick 回绕安全）、总召分片、
 *           COV 突发（k 窗满暂存不丢）、周期上送、遥控/定值两段式、C_RD、
 *           C_CS 对时、错误应答（COT 12/13/14 + EVI）。
 * 失败语义：坏帧/序号错/N(R) 越窗/缓冲溢出 → 实例置 IDLE（链路故障），
 *           由胶水层检测 IDLE 跳变断开 socket；本层不感知 I/O。
 * 创建日期：2026-10-12（B4）
 */
#include "iec104_link.h"

#include "iec104_asdu.h"

#include <string.h>

/* ---------------- APCI 常量 ---------------- */
#define APCI_START     0x68u
#define APCI_CTRL_LEN    4u     /* len 字段最小值（纯控制域） */
#define APCI_LEN_MIN     4u
#define APCI_LEN_MAX   252u
#define SEQ_MOD     32768u      /* 序号 15bit */

/* U 帧控制字节（DL/T 634.5104 表：低 2 位恒 11） */
#define U_STARTDT_ACT  0x07u
#define U_STARTDT_CON  0x0Bu
#define U_STOPDT_ACT   0x13u
#define U_STOPDT_CON   0x23u
#define U_TESTFR_ACT   0x43u
#define U_TESTFR_CON   0x83u

/* 本实现单 ASDU 信息体区上限（背景 YC 组 8×5=40 B 最大） */
#define BODY_MAX      64u
/* 周期上送周期（COT=1） */
#define PERIOD_MS  60000UL

/*
 * 函数功能：超时判定（now 到达/越过 deadline，tick 回绕安全）
 * 返 回 值：1 已到期 / 0 未到期
 */
static int s_expired(uint32_t now, uint32_t deadline) {
    return (((int32_t)(now - deadline)) >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
}

/* ---------------- 发送原语 ---------------- */

/*
 * 函数功能：发 U 帧（STARTDT/STOPDT/TESTFR act|con）
 * 说明：t1 只约束"需确认的发送"（标准语义）——TESTFR act 置挂起并起 t1；
 *       STARTDT/STOPDT con 不启动 t1（主站可合法静默，靠 t3 探活）。
 */
static void s_send_u(iec104_link_t *lk, uint8_t q) {
    uint8_t buf[6];

    if (lk->cfg->send_apdu == NULL) {
        return;
    }
    buf[0] = APCI_START;
    buf[1] = APCI_CTRL_LEN;
    buf[2] = q;
    buf[3] = 0u;
    buf[4] = 0u;
    buf[5] = 0u;
    lk->cfg->send_apdu(lk->ctx, buf, 6u);
    /* t1 只约束"需确认的发送"（标准语义）：TESTFR act 等 con；
     * STARTDT/STOPDT con 不启动 t1——主站可合法静默，靠 t3 探活 */
    if (q == U_TESTFR_ACT) {
        lk->testfr_pending = 1u;
        lk->t1_deadline    = lk->now_ms + IEC104_T1_MS;
    }
    lk->t3_deadline = lk->now_ms + IEC104_T3_MS;
}

/*
 * 函数功能：发 S 帧（确认已收序号，rx_unacked 清零）
 * 说明：S 不需对端确认 → 不起 t1，只刷 t3。
 */
static void s_send_s(iec104_link_t *lk) {
    uint8_t buf[6];
    uint16_t r = (uint16_t)(lk->rx_seq << 1);

    if (lk->cfg->send_apdu == NULL) {
        return;
    }
    buf[0] = APCI_START;
    buf[1] = APCI_CTRL_LEN;
    buf[2] = 0x01u;
    buf[3] = 0u;
    buf[4] = (uint8_t)(r & 0xFFu);
    buf[5] = (uint8_t)(r >> 8);
    lk->cfg->send_apdu(lk->ctx, buf, 6u);
    lk->rx_unacked  = 0u;
    lk->t3_deadline = lk->now_ms + IEC104_T3_MS;   /* S 不需确认 → 不起 t1 */
}

/*
 * 函数功能：发一个 I 帧（asdu 由调用方组好，N(S)/N(R) 由本层填）
 * 返 回 值：0 已发出 / -1 k 窗满或超长（调用方保留数据下次重试）
 */
static int s_send_i(iec104_link_t *lk, const uint8_t *asdu, uint16_t len) {
    uint8_t  buf[6u + BODY_MAX];
    uint16_t s16;
    uint16_t r16;

    if ((lk->cfg->send_apdu == NULL) || (len > BODY_MAX)) {
        return -1;
    }
    if (lk->tx_unacked >= IEC104_K_MAX) {
        return -1;
    }
    buf[0] = APCI_START;
    buf[1] = (uint8_t)(APCI_CTRL_LEN + len);
    s16 = (uint16_t)(lk->tx_seq << 1);
    r16 = (uint16_t)(lk->rx_seq << 1);
    buf[2] = (uint8_t)(s16 & 0xFFu);
    buf[3] = (uint8_t)(s16 >> 8);
    buf[4] = (uint8_t)(r16 & 0xFFu);
    buf[5] = (uint8_t)(r16 >> 8);
    (void)memcpy(&buf[6], asdu, len);
    lk->tx_seq = (uint16_t)((lk->tx_seq + 1u) % SEQ_MOD);
    lk->tx_unacked++;
    lk->cfg->send_apdu(lk->ctx, buf, (uint16_t)(6u + len));
    lk->t1_deadline = lk->now_ms + IEC104_T1_MS;
    lk->t3_deadline = lk->now_ms + IEC104_T3_MS;
    return 0;
}

/*
 * 函数功能：组 ASDU（hdr [+ ioa] + body）并发 I 帧
 * 说明：evi=1 → OA bit7（EVI，未知 IOA/类型/地址类应答）
 * 返 回 值：同 s_send_i
 */
static int s_send_asdu(iec104_link_t *lk, uint8_t type, uint8_t vsq,
                       uint8_t cot, uint8_t cot_hi,
                       uint8_t with_ioa, uint32_t ioa,
                       const uint8_t *body, uint16_t body_len, uint8_t evi) {
    uint8_t  buf[6u + BODY_MAX];
    uint16_t n;

    n = iec104_asdu_put_hdr(buf, type, vsq, cot, cot_hi, lk->cfg->ca);
    if (evi != 0u) {
        buf[3] |= 0x80u;            /* OA bit7 = EVI */
    }
    if (with_ioa != 0u) {
        iec104_put_ioa(&buf[n], ioa);
        n += 3u;
    }
    if (body_len > 0u) {
        if ((uint32_t)n + (uint32_t)body_len > (uint32_t)sizeof(buf)) {
            return -1;
        }
        (void)memcpy(&buf[n], body, body_len);
        n += body_len;
    }
    return s_send_i(lk, buf, n);
}

/*
 * 函数功能：命令应答（actcon/deactcon 等）——原样回显信息体（ioa+限定词）
 * 入口参数：pn = 1 置否定确认位
 */
static void s_cmd_con(iec104_link_t *lk, uint8_t type, const uint8_t *obj,
                      uint16_t obj_len, uint8_t cot, uint8_t pn) {
    uint8_t body[BODY_MAX];
    uint16_t n = obj_len;

    if (n > BODY_MAX) {
        n = 0u;
    }
    if (n > 0u) {
        (void)memcpy(body, obj, n);
    }
    (void)s_send_asdu(lk, type, 1u, cot,
                      (pn != 0u) ? IEC104_COT_BIT_PN : 0u,
                      0u, 0u, body, n, 0u);
}

/* ---------------- 数据上送 ---------------- */

/*
 * 函数功能：单点上送遥测（M_ME_NC_1 SQ=0，值+QDS）
 * 返 回 值：同 s_send_i
 */
static int s_send_yc_single(iec104_link_t *lk, uint8_t idx, uint8_t cot) {
    uint8_t body[5];
    float   v;
    uint8_t qds;

    (void)iec104_pts_yc_read(idx, &v, &qds);
    iec104_put_float(body, v);
    body[4] = qds;
    return s_send_asdu(lk, IEC104_T_M_ME_NC_1, 1u, cot, 0u, 1u,
                       iec104_pts_yc_ioa(idx), body, 5u, 0u);
}

/*
 * 函数功能：总召/周期扫描一步（phase 游标 = interp_yx_idx：
 *           0 双点组→1 单点组→2 YC 组→3 频率→4 actterm）
 * 入口参数：budget = 本 poll 发送预算（成功一步减一）；periodic = 周期扫描
 * 返 回 值：0 本步已发出 / -1 k 窗满原地保留（poll 循环必须就此停步，
 *           否则死循环——2026-10-12 单测抓到）
 */
static int s_scan_step(iec104_link_t *lk, uint8_t *budget, uint8_t periodic) {
    uint8_t body[BODY_MAX];
    uint8_t n = 0u;
    uint8_t i;
    uint8_t d;
    uint8_t qds;
    float   v;
    int     rc = -1;

    switch (lk->interp_yx_idx) {
    case 0u:                        /* YX 双点组 SQ=1，IOA 1..4 */
        for (i = 0u; i < 4u; i++) {
            iec104_pts_yx_read(i, &d);
            body[n++] = d;
        }
        rc = s_send_asdu(lk, IEC104_T_M_DP_NA_1, (uint8_t)(IEC104_VSQ_SQ | 4u),
                         lk->interp_cot, 0u, 1u, 1u, body, n, 0u);
        break;
    case 1u:                        /* YX 单点组 SQ=1，IOA 5..33 */
        for (i = 4u; i < 33u; i++) {
            iec104_pts_yx_read(i, &d);
            body[n++] = d;
        }
        rc = s_send_asdu(lk, IEC104_T_M_SP_NA_1, (uint8_t)(IEC104_VSQ_SQ | 29u),
                         lk->interp_cot, 0u, 1u, 5u, body, n, 0u);
        break;
    case 2u:                        /* YC 组 SQ=1，IOA 0x4011..0x4018 */
        for (i = 0u; i < 8u; i++) {
            (void)iec104_pts_yc_read(i, &v, &qds);
            iec104_put_float(&body[n], v);
            n += 4u;
            body[n++] = qds;
        }
        rc = s_send_asdu(lk, IEC104_T_M_ME_NC_1, (uint8_t)(IEC104_VSQ_SQ | 8u),
                         lk->interp_cot, 0u, 1u, 0x4011u, body, n, 0u);
        break;
    case 3u:                        /* 频率单点 SQ=0，IOA 0x401D */
        (void)iec104_pts_yc_read(8u, &v, &qds);
        iec104_put_float(&body[n], v);
        n += 4u;
        body[n++] = qds;
        rc = s_send_asdu(lk, IEC104_T_M_ME_NC_1, 1u, lk->interp_cot, 0u,
                         1u, 0x401Du, body, n, 0u);
        break;
    default:                        /* actterm（仅总召；周期扫描不走这步） */
        iec104_put_ioa(&body[n], 0u);
        n += 3u;
        body[n++] = IEC104_RQT_GROUP1;
        rc = s_send_asdu(lk, IEC104_T_C_IC_NA_1, 1u, IEC104_COT_ACTTERM, 0u,
                         0u, 0u, body, n, 0u);
        break;
    }
    if (rc != 0) {
        return -1;                  /* k 窗满：下次 poll 重试本 phase */
    }
    (*budget)--;
    lk->interp_yx_idx++;
    if (periodic != 0u) {
        if (lk->interp_yx_idx >= 4u) {
            lk->interp_step = 0u;   /* 周期只发 YC（phase 2..3），无 actterm */
        }
    } else if (lk->interp_yx_idx >= 5u) {
        lk->interp_step = 0u;
        lk->init_pending = 0u;
    }
    return 0;
}

/*
 * 函数功能：突发（COV）上送——pend 暂存逐点 SQ=0 COT=3，发成功才清位
 * 函数说明：单点遥信（idx≥4）自发用 **M_SP_TB_1**（SIQ + CP56Time2a，B9：
 *           变位带时标 = SOE 上送路径）；双点（idx<4，V0.1 恒 IV）保持
 *           M_DP_NA_1；总召/周期扫描仍走 s_scan_step 的 M_SP_NA_1/M_DP_NA_1
 *           （时标只用于自发，标准语义——防"全量换型"）。
 *           时标 = cfg->epoch_ms(ctx)；NULL/UINT64_MAX → CP56 IV 位如实置位。
 */
static void s_spont_step(iec104_link_t *lk, uint8_t *budget) {
    uint8_t body[8];                /* 最大 = SIQ + CP56(7)（M_SP_TB_1） */
    uint8_t i;
    uint8_t d;
    uint8_t blen;
    uint8_t type;
    int     rc;

    while ((*budget > 0u) && ((lk->pend_yx != 0u) || (lk->pend_yc != 0u))) {
        if (lk->pend_yx != 0u) {
            i = 0u;
            while (i < 33u) {
                if ((lk->pend_yx & (1uLL << i)) != 0u) {
                    break;
                }
                i++;
            }
            iec104_pts_yx_read(i, &d);
            body[0] = d;
            blen = 1u;
            if (i < 4u) {
                type = (uint8_t)IEC104_T_M_DP_NA_1;
            } else {
                uint64_t ems = (lk->cfg->epoch_ms != NULL)
                               ? lk->cfg->epoch_ms(lk->ctx)
                               : UINT64_MAX;

                type = (uint8_t)IEC104_T_M_SP_TB_1;
                (void)iec104_epoch_ms_to_cp56((ems == UINT64_MAX) ? 0u : ems,
                                              &body[1]);
                if (ems == UINT64_MAX) {
                    body[1 + 2] |= 0x80u;   /* CP56 byte2 bit7 IV：时钟无效如实上送 */
                }
                blen = 8u;
            }
            rc = s_send_asdu(lk, type, 1u, IEC104_COT_SPONT, 0u, 1u,
                             (uint32_t)i + 1u, body, blen, 0u);
            if (rc != 0) {
                return;             /* k 窗满：pend 位保留，下次续发 */
            }
            lk->pend_yx &= ~(1uLL << i);
        } else {
            i = 0u;
            while (i < 16u) {
                if ((lk->pend_yc & (uint16_t)(1u << i)) != 0u) {
                    break;
                }
                i++;
            }
            rc = s_send_yc_single(lk, i, IEC104_COT_SPONT);
            if (rc != 0) {
                return;
            }
            lk->pend_yc &= (uint16_t)~(1u << i);
        }
        (*budget)--;
    }
}

/* ---------------- 命令处理 ---------------- */

/*
 * 函数功能：C_IC_NA_1 总召处理（ACT → actcon + 启动扫描；DEACT → deactcon）
 * 说明：RBT（bit4）落在 COT 6bit 值域内，ACT+RBT 上收为 22——先剥再判；
 *       首召/RBT → COT=4（init），后续 COT=2（bg）
 */
static void s_h_ic(iec104_link_t *lk, const iec104_asdu_hdr_t *h) {
    /* RBT（bit4）落在 COT 6bit 值域内：ACT+RBT 上收为 22——先剥 RBT 再判值 */
    uint8_t cot_val = (uint8_t)(h->cot & 0xEFu);

    if (cot_val == IEC104_COT_DEACT) {
        lk->interp_step = 0u;
        s_cmd_con(lk, IEC104_T_C_IC_NA_1, h->obj, h->obj_len,
                  IEC104_COT_DEACTCON, 0u);
        return;
    }
    if (cot_val != IEC104_COT_ACT) {
        return;
    }
    if ((h->obj_len < 4u) || (h->obj[3] != IEC104_RQT_GROUP1)) {
        s_cmd_con(lk, IEC104_T_C_IC_NA_1, h->obj, h->obj_len,
                  IEC104_COT_ACTCON, 1u);
        return;
    }
    s_cmd_con(lk, IEC104_T_C_IC_NA_1, h->obj, h->obj_len, IEC104_COT_ACTCON, 0u);
    lk->interp_step   = 1u;
    lk->interp_yx_idx = 0u;
    lk->interp_cot    = ((lk->init_pending != 0u)
                         || ((h->cot & IEC104_COT_BIT_RBT) != 0u))
                        ? (uint8_t)IEC104_COT_INIT : (uint8_t)IEC104_COT_BG_SCAN;
}

/*
 * 函数功能：C_CS_NA_1 对时（CP56 → epoch → cfg->clock_sync）
 * 说明：IV/字段坏/系统侧拒绝 → actcon + PN
 */
static void s_h_cs(iec104_link_t *lk, const iec104_asdu_hdr_t *h) {
    uint64_t epoch = 0u;
    int      rc    = -1;

    if (h->obj_len >= 10u) {
        rc = iec104_cp56_to_epoch_ms(&h->obj[3], &epoch);
        if ((rc == 0) && (lk->cfg->clock_sync != NULL)) {
            rc = lk->cfg->clock_sync(lk->ctx, epoch);
        }
    }
    s_cmd_con(lk, IEC104_T_C_CS_NA_1, h->obj, h->obj_len, IEC104_COT_ACTCON,
              (rc == 0) ? 0u : 1u);
}

/*
 * 函数功能：C_DC_NA_1 遥控两段式（选择记 ioa+dpc；执行须匹配，否则 PN）
 */
static void s_h_dc(iec104_link_t *lk, const iec104_asdu_hdr_t *h) {
    uint32_t ioa;
    uint8_t  qdc;
    uint8_t  sel;
    uint8_t  dpc;
    int      rc;

    if (h->obj_len < 4u) {
        return;
    }
    ioa = iec104_get_ioa(h->obj);
    qdc = h->obj[3];
    sel = (uint8_t)(((qdc & IEC104_QDC_S) != 0u) ? 1u : 0u);
    dpc = (uint8_t)(qdc & 0x03u);
    if (sel != 0u) {
        rc = iec104_pts_yk_exec(ioa, dpc, 1u);
        if (rc == 0) {
            lk->yk_sel_ioa = ioa;
            lk->yk_sel_dpc = dpc;
        }
    } else {
        if ((lk->yk_sel_ioa == ioa) && (lk->yk_sel_dpc == dpc)) {
            rc = iec104_pts_yk_exec(ioa, dpc, 0u);
        } else {
            rc = -1;                /* 无选择/失配 → 否定确认 */
        }
        lk->yk_sel_ioa = 0u;
        lk->yk_sel_dpc = 0u;
    }
    s_cmd_con(lk, IEC104_T_C_DC_NA_1, h->obj, h->obj_len, IEC104_COT_ACTCON,
              (rc == 0) ? 0u : 1u);
}

/*
 * 函数功能：C_SE_NC_1 定值两段式写（选择段只校验；执行段落盘）
 * 说明：越界/未知地址 → actcon + PN
 */
static void s_h_se(iec104_link_t *lk, const iec104_asdu_hdr_t *h) {
    uint32_t addr;
    float    v;
    uint8_t  sel;
    int      rc;

    if (h->obj_len < 8u) {
        return;
    }
    addr = iec104_get_ioa(h->obj);
    v    = iec104_get_float(&h->obj[3]);
    sel  = (uint8_t)(((h->obj[7] & IEC104_QDC_S) != 0u) ? 1u : 0u);
    rc   = iec104_pts_set_write(addr, v, sel);
    s_cmd_con(lk, IEC104_T_C_SE_NC_1, h->obj, h->obj_len, IEC104_COT_ACTCON,
              (rc == 0) ? 0u : 1u);
}

/*
 * 函数功能：C_RD_NA_1 读单个信息体（YC 命中 → M_ME COT5；定值命中 → 同；
 *           未知 IOA → 原样回 C_RD + COT14 + EVI）
 */
static void s_h_rd(iec104_link_t *lk, const iec104_asdu_hdr_t *h) {
    uint32_t ioa;
    uint8_t  i;
    float    v;

    if (h->obj_len < 3u) {
        return;
    }
    ioa = iec104_get_ioa(h->obj);
    for (i = 0u; i < iec104_pts_yc_count(); i++) {
        if (iec104_pts_yc_ioa(i) == ioa) {
            s_send_yc_single(lk, i, IEC104_COT_REQ);
            return;
        }
    }
    if (iec104_pts_set_read(ioa, &v) == 0) {
        uint8_t body[5];

        iec104_put_float(body, v);
        body[4] = 0u;
        (void)s_send_asdu(lk, IEC104_T_M_ME_NC_1, 1u, IEC104_COT_REQ, 0u,
                          1u, ioa, body, 5u, 0u);
        return;
    }
    (void)s_send_asdu(lk, IEC104_T_C_RD_NA_1, 1u, IEC104_COT_UNK_IOA, 0u,
                      1u, ioa, NULL, 0u, 1u);
}

/*
 * 函数功能：ASDU 分派（公共地址校验 → 类型路由）
 * 说明：错 ca → COT13+EVI；未知类型 → COT12+EVI（原类型回）
 */
static void s_h_asdu(iec104_link_t *lk, const uint8_t *asdu, uint16_t len) {
    iec104_asdu_hdr_t h;

    if (iec104_asdu_parse_hdr(asdu, len, &h) != 0) {
        return;
    }
    if (h.ca != lk->cfg->ca) {
        (void)s_send_asdu(lk, h.type, 1u, IEC104_COT_UNK_CA, 0u,
                          0u, 0u, NULL, 0u, 1u);
        return;
    }
    switch (h.type) {
    case IEC104_T_C_IC_NA_1:
        s_h_ic(lk, &h);
        break;
    case IEC104_T_C_CS_NA_1:
        s_h_cs(lk, &h);
        break;
    case IEC104_T_C_DC_NA_1:
        s_h_dc(lk, &h);
        break;
    case IEC104_T_C_SE_NC_1:
        s_h_se(lk, &h);
        break;
    case IEC104_T_C_RD_NA_1:
        s_h_rd(lk, &h);
        break;
    case IEC104_T_C_TS_NA_1:
        s_cmd_con(lk, IEC104_T_C_TS_NA_1, h.obj, h.obj_len,
                  IEC104_COT_ACTCON, 0u);
        break;
    case IEC104_T_C_RP_NA_1:
        iec104_pts_cov_check(NULL); /* 进程复位：重建快照（清历史） */
        s_cmd_con(lk, IEC104_T_C_RP_NA_1, h.obj, h.obj_len,
                  IEC104_COT_ACTCON, 0u);
        break;
    default:
        (void)s_send_asdu(lk, h.type, 1u, IEC104_COT_UNK_COT, 0u,
                          0u, 0u, NULL, 0u, 1u);
        break;
    }
}

/* ---------------- APDU 分派 ---------------- */

/*
 * 函数功能：U 帧处理（STARTDT/STOPDT act → con + 态迁移；TESTFR act → con；
 *           TESTFR con → 清挂起）
 */
static void s_h_u(iec104_link_t *lk, uint8_t q) {
    switch (q) {
    case U_STARTDT_ACT:
        s_send_u(lk, U_STARTDT_CON);
        lk->state       = IEC104_ST_RUN;
        lk->interp_step = 0u;
        lk->yk_sel_ioa  = 0u;
        break;
    case U_STOPDT_ACT:
        s_send_u(lk, U_STOPDT_CON);
        lk->state       = IEC104_ST_STOPPED;
        lk->interp_step = 0u;
        break;
    case U_TESTFR_ACT:
        s_send_u(lk, U_TESTFR_CON);
        break;
    case U_TESTFR_CON:
        lk->testfr_pending = 0u;
        break;
    default:
        break;                      /* con/未知 U：t1/t3 已由外层刷新 */
    }
}

/*
 * 函数功能：N(R) 校验并更新 tx_unacked（V(A) ≤ V(A)' ≤ V(S)，即 0 ≤ d ≤ 窗内）
 * 说明：N(R) 倒退（早于上次确认）= 协议违例 → 链路故障（标准语义）；
 *       tx_unacked 恒 ≤ k（发送侧门控），故 d ≤ tx_unacked 已蕴含窗校验
 * 返 回 值：0 / -1 违例
 */
static int s_apply_nr(iec104_link_t *lk, uint16_t nr) {
    uint16_t d = (uint16_t)(((uint32_t)lk->tx_seq + SEQ_MOD - (uint32_t)nr)
                            % SEQ_MOD);

    if ((uint32_t)d > (uint32_t)lk->tx_unacked) {
        return -1;
    }
    lk->tx_unacked = d;
    return 0;
}

/*
 * 函数功能：单个完整 APDU 分派（U/S/I）；任何接收只刷 t3（不刷 t1）
 * 说明：OPEN 态只认 U；I 帧 N(S) 不连续 → IDLE；RUN 态才处理 ASDU；
 *       收满 w 个未确认 → 回 S
 */
static void s_h_apdu(iec104_link_t *lk, const uint8_t *p, uint16_t total) {
    const uint8_t *c = &p[2];       /* 控制域 4B */
    uint16_t ns;
    uint16_t nr;

    lk->t3_deadline = lk->now_ms + IEC104_T3_MS;
    if ((c[0] & 0x03u) == 0x03u) {
        s_h_u(lk, c[0]);
        return;
    }
    if (lk->state == IEC104_ST_OPEN) {
        return;                     /* OPEN 态只认 U 帧 */
    }
    if ((c[0] & 0x01u) != 0u) {     /* S 格式 */
        nr = (uint16_t)(((uint16_t)c[2] | ((uint16_t)c[3] << 8)) >> 1);
        if (s_apply_nr(lk, nr) != 0) {
            lk->state = IEC104_ST_IDLE;
        }
        return;
    }
    /* I 格式 */
    ns = (uint16_t)(((uint16_t)c[0] | ((uint16_t)c[1] << 8)) >> 1);
    nr = (uint16_t)(((uint16_t)c[2] | ((uint16_t)c[3] << 8)) >> 1);
    if (ns != lk->rx_seq) {
        lk->state = IEC104_ST_IDLE; /* 序号错 → 链路故障 */
        return;
    }
    if (s_apply_nr(lk, nr) != 0) {
        lk->state = IEC104_ST_IDLE;
        return;
    }
    lk->rx_seq = (uint16_t)((ns + 1u) % SEQ_MOD);
    lk->rx_unacked++;
    if (lk->rx_unacked == 1u) {
        lk->t2_deadline = lk->now_ms + IEC104_T2_MS;
    }
    if (lk->state == IEC104_ST_RUN) {
        s_h_asdu(lk, &p[6], (uint16_t)(total - 6u));
    }
    if (lk->rx_unacked >= IEC104_W_MAX) {
        s_send_s(lk);
    }
}

/* ---------------- 公开接口 ---------------- */

/*
 * 函数功能：链路实例初始化（全清零 + 绑配置与上下文，态 = IDLE）
 */
void iec104_link_init(iec104_link_t *lk, const iec104_link_cfg_t *cfg,
                      void *ctx) {
    (void)memset(lk, 0, sizeof(*lk));
    lk->cfg   = cfg;
    lk->ctx   = ctx;
    lk->state = IEC104_ST_IDLE;
}

/*
 * 函数功能：TCP 连接建立 → OPEN（序号/窗口/定时/暂存全部复位，init_pending=1）
 */
void iec104_link_open(iec104_link_t *lk, uint32_t now_ms) {
    lk->state        = IEC104_ST_OPEN;
    lk->tx_seq       = 0u;
    lk->rx_seq       = 0u;
    lk->tx_unacked   = 0u;
    lk->rx_unacked   = 0u;
    lk->testfr_pending = 0u;
    lk->init_pending = 1u;
    lk->rx_len       = 0u;
    lk->yk_sel_ioa   = 0u;
    lk->yk_sel_dpc   = 0u;
    lk->interp_step  = 0u;
    lk->interp_yx_idx = 0u;
    lk->pend_yx      = 0u;
    lk->pend_yc      = 0u;
    lk->now_ms       = now_ms;
    lk->t1_deadline  = now_ms + IEC104_T1_MS;
    lk->t2_deadline  = now_ms + IEC104_T2_MS;
    lk->t3_deadline  = now_ms + IEC104_T3_MS;
    lk->period_next  = now_ms + PERIOD_MS;
}

/*
 * 函数功能：链路断开/故障 → IDLE（清重组缓冲与所有暂存）
 */
void iec104_link_close(iec104_link_t *lk) {
    lk->state       = IEC104_ST_IDLE;
    lk->rx_len      = 0u;
    lk->interp_step = 0u;
    lk->pend_yx     = 0u;
    lk->pend_yc     = 0u;
    lk->yk_sel_ioa  = 0u;
    lk->yk_sel_dpc  = 0u;
}

/*
 * 函数功能：喂入收到的原始字节（APCI 流重组：半帧/粘帧逐处）
 * 说明：坏起始符/坏长度/缓冲溢出 → IDLE（胶水层检测后断开 socket）
 */
void iec104_link_on_rx(iec104_link_t *lk, const uint8_t *data, uint16_t len,
                       uint32_t now_ms) {
    lk->now_ms = now_ms;
    if ((lk->state == IEC104_ST_IDLE) || (data == NULL)) {
        return;
    }
    if ((uint32_t)len > (uint32_t)(IEC104_RXBUF_SZ - lk->rx_len)) {
        lk->state = IEC104_ST_IDLE; /* 重组缓冲溢出 = 坏流 */
        lk->rx_len = 0u;
        return;
    }
    (void)memcpy(&lk->rx_buf[lk->rx_len], data, len);
    lk->rx_len = (uint16_t)(lk->rx_len + len);

    while (lk->rx_len >= 2u) {
        uint16_t lf;
        uint16_t need;

        if (lk->rx_buf[0] != APCI_START) {
            lk->state = IEC104_ST_IDLE;
            break;
        }
        lf = lk->rx_buf[1];
        if ((lf < APCI_LEN_MIN) || (lf > APCI_LEN_MAX)) {
            lk->state = IEC104_ST_IDLE;
            break;
        }
        need = (uint16_t)(lf + 2u);
        if (lk->rx_len < need) {
            break;                  /* 半帧：等下次 on_rx */
        }
        s_h_apdu(lk, lk->rx_buf, need);
        if (lk->state == IEC104_ST_IDLE) {
            break;
        }
        if (need < lk->rx_len) {
            (void)memmove(lk->rx_buf, &lk->rx_buf[need],
                          (uint16_t)(lk->rx_len - need));
        }
        lk->rx_len = (uint16_t)(lk->rx_len - need);
    }
    if (lk->state == IEC104_ST_IDLE) {
        lk->rx_len = 0u;
    }
}

/*
 * 函数功能：周期节拍（胶水层每次服务循环调用一次，时基由调用方注入）
 * 说明：t1 超时 → close；t3 到期 → TESTFR act；t2 到期 → S；
 *       RUN 态按优先级：总召续扫 > 周期续扫 > COV 突发 > 周期触发
 */
void iec104_link_poll(iec104_link_t *lk, uint32_t now_ms) {
    uint8_t budget = IEC104_POLL_BUDGET;

    lk->now_ms = now_ms;
    if ((lk->state != IEC104_ST_RUN) && (lk->state != IEC104_ST_STOPPED)) {
        return;
    }
    if (((lk->tx_unacked > 0u) || (lk->testfr_pending != 0u))
        && (s_expired(now_ms, lk->t1_deadline) != 0)) {
        iec104_link_close(lk);      /* t1：未确认 I/未答 TESTFR 超时 = 故障 */
        return;
    }
    if (s_expired(now_ms, lk->t3_deadline) != 0) {
        s_send_u(lk, U_TESTFR_ACT);
    }
    if ((lk->rx_unacked > 0u) && (s_expired(now_ms, lk->t2_deadline) != 0)) {
        s_send_s(lk);
    }
    if (lk->state != IEC104_ST_RUN) {
        return;
    }
    if (lk->interp_step == 1u) {
        while ((budget > 0u) && (lk->interp_step == 1u)) {
            if (s_scan_step(lk, &budget, 0u) != 0) {
                break;              /* k 窗满：本 poll 停步（防死循环） */
            }
        }
        return;
    }
    if (lk->interp_step == 3u) {
        while ((budget > 0u) && (lk->interp_step == 3u)) {
            if (s_scan_step(lk, &budget, 1u) != 0) {
                break;
            }
        }
        return;
    }
    if ((lk->pend_yx != 0u) || (lk->pend_yc != 0u)) {
        s_spont_step(lk, &budget);
        if (budget == 0u) {
            return;
        }
    }
    if (s_expired(now_ms, lk->period_next) != 0) {
        lk->interp_step   = 3u;
        lk->interp_yx_idx = 2u;     /* 周期只扫 YC（phase 2..3） */
        lk->interp_cot    = IEC104_COT_PERIODIC;
        lk->period_next   = now_ms + PERIOD_MS;
        while ((budget > 0u) && (lk->interp_step == 3u)) {
            if (s_scan_step(lk, &budget, 1u) != 0) {
                break;
            }
        }
        return;
    }
    {
        iec104_pts_cov_t cov;

        iec104_pts_cov_check(&cov);
        lk->pend_yx |= cov.yx_changed;
        lk->pend_yc |= cov.yc_changed;
        s_spont_step(lk, &budget);
    }
}

/*
 * 函数功能：查询链路状态（胶水层检测 IDLE 跳变以断开/重建 socket）
 */
iec104_state_t iec104_link_state(const iec104_link_t *lk) {
    return lk->state;
}